The Relationship between Social Media and Brand Management Dissertation

The Relationship between Social Media and Brand Management - Dissertation Example Hence, it is noteworthy that social media has become one of the key business communication tools, which has helped modern organizations to promote their brands worldwide. On the other hand, the online marketing concept has triggered impressive transformations, especially in the domain of brand management, thereby eliminating the risks inherent to the traditional marketing concept (Brindle, 2011). Â  The use of social media for brand management was also considered quite helpful for both the customers as well as for the company, owing to its ability to target customers in clusters and reach them with efficiency, within a very short time span. It is also noteworthy that the brand image of a company is perceived as one of the most valuable assets in the modern day context. This particular assertion becomes quite apparent with reference to the strategies applied by Alibaba Group to promote its brand in a popular Chinese social media named Sina Weibo. Alibaba Group is noted as one of the most popular Chinese e-commerce retail outlets, which deals in all kinds of products. Prior to the inception of social media, brand managers engaged in different companies followed various marketing communication strategies, such as storytelling, aggressive and frequent advertisement as well as newsletter distribution to the customers. In this regard, it can be mentioned that the traditional metho ds of brand promotion were less cost-efficient in comparison to the modern brand promotion strategies, which certainly raises a noteworthy challenge to modern organizations. However, the advent of online brand management strategy has proved cost efficient as well as less time-consuming in nature to mitigate previous stress factors associated to company’s customer relationship strategies through brand management (Jenkinson et. al., 2005). Â  

House Hold Chores Essay Example for Free

House Hold Chores Essay Children should not have to work or help with household tasks; their only responsibility should be to study Helping family with household tasks causes no harm to either adult members or children. On the other hand, housework enables children to learn a number of important life skills and to avoid social evils. After school time, children are able to assist their parents with simple household routines such as tidying their own rooms, cooking simple dishes amp;washing clothes. Such activities teach children essential knowledge and practical experience for their life. During a holiday cooking competition, the winners are the children who are used to doing household tasks in their families. Another example is involvement in daily chores providing children with numerous lessons learnt: time management, awareness of needs, limitations, responsibilities, encouragement them to recognize dos and don’ts. Requesting/ instructing a child to clean his or her dirty shoes after coming from school or to clear up the table after meal doesn’t mean demand him or her to do a hard business, but instead these need to be done. It is obvious that children attributed their knowledge and fundamental skills to housework aiding and implementing. Furthermore, social evils are completely avoidable by assigning housework to children in their free time. Idle children are an underlying cause of easily engaging in harmful activities such as: online games, violent games, fighting and even gambling without any consideration. In a family, simple responsibility allocations do not only maintain them occupied but also raise their consciousness. For instances, children spend most of their spare time taking care of flowers around their house leaving them no opportunities to involve in internet games instead educate them to appreciate and protect nature. The more homework assignments to children, the more knowledge they gain and the less social evils to be addressed. In conclusion, studying is necessary during childhood but participations in household tasks are not bad ideas. Parents give children household chore means giving them valuable chances to experience and protecting them from evils.

Patients Education Of Psoriasis Patient Nursing Essay

Patients Education Of Psoriasis Patient Nursing Essay The society requires attaining, maintaining and recovering from disease, ailments accidents. This calls for specialized care from a trained professional. In most case, care givers at home may lack this expertise. This calls for people who are trained, specialized and understand the medical aspect of the patients condition, such as nurse. The best suited group of people that can deal appropriately with these problems are nurses. Nursing is a health care profession and hence, their services are oriented to this direction. In their duty, they give care to all members of the societies; both individual and families (Braverman, 1998). Nursing care is understood as being particularly crucial during patients recovery from serious illness or injury. Classically, it was thought that people requiring these services were probably people who were bed ridden. The objective of health services delivery is not only to care for bed ridden people but also anybody else that have a condition that is reducing their quality of life. It is known that some diseases significantly reduce the quality of life led by individuals and not by necessarily sending them to bed. The aim of healthcare today is to assist any person with any disease, ailment or any form of suffering to recover and have a joyous and creative life. Another factor that makes a nurse to be specifically suited to their job is because they are trained about community care. They deliver care in the context of the whole community. They are able to reach the society or community and teach or assist them on the best way to care for various people needing care in a society. Psoriasis is a non-contagious disease that affects a peoples skin. It is found in a class of diseases that are described as immune mediated. It occurs when a persons body starts sensing the skin cells that are foreign cells of disease causing microorganisms hence reacting against them. For this reason, the body responds to this faulty signal by producing more skin cells. The patients skin cells in the affected places divide up to 10 times faster and lead to accumulation of dead cells on the surface. The skin of the patient appears to have a red plaque that is covered with white rashes. This disease is particularly acutely irritating and is probably the most frustrating and unpredictable skin disorder. This disorder is also the most inexplicable and continual skin illnesses. Some parts of the body are more affected by this disease than others. These include the scalp, elbows, and knees. Some other parts are affected but on rare instances. They include the soles, the palms, and the fee t (Roenigk Maibach, 1998). Commons symptoms of psoriasis include reddening of the skin with white or silvery scales occurring at the top. These areas can be exceedingly sore and may crack and bleed occasionally. In most cases, the affected patches expand and coalesce forming large and continuous patches. In other instances, this disease may affect the nails where nails become rough, crumbled or even detached from their bed. Another symptom that health care providers look for in diagnosing psoriasis is crusts, scales or plaques on a persons scalp. There are various aspects of care that a nurse considers during care delivery. These are sometimes utilized by professional nurses as a checklist to ensure that the care is all inclusive, and the process of recovery is holistic. The main aim of this assignment is to address the nursing care of a patient with psoriasis based on two aspects of care which include patient education and discharge planning and process. Patients Education of Psoriasis Patient It is essential in the nursing care process of a patient with psoriasis to be educated and advised on how to live with the society, to avoid psychological torture and lastly to meet the prescribed medical instruction. The Patients are reported to face stigma and antagonism by such other people in the society. They become less indispensable resource to the society and hence said to experience negative attitude for the firsthand. They have seen how a single look on them initiates talks among people among other forms of stigmatization. Nurses teach patients to become ambassadors of truth. The society mistreats its members through stigmatization because of ignorance. The nurses also educate patients on how to protect friends, relatives and other members of the community (Smith et al, 2002). Moreover in Medical care, the nurse give educational care techniques including assistance on the application of the medicine, monitoring the progress of the patient and advising the patients on the fa ctors that aggravate psoriasis. Secondly, the nurses have noticed that the patients due to stress are currently suffering from psychological disorders such as post traumatic stress disorders and anxiety. They feel neglected and thus they need psychological education. Some of the nurses collaborate with psychologists to educate both the society and the psoriasis patients. In most case, nurses find themselves in a situation where the psychological health of the patient is crucial. Some patient feel like their image has been dented after they suffer from a psoriasis attack. The nurse has to respond to this by educating the patient on how to deal with these psychological problems. Sometimes, the patient is so psychologically affected that the nurse has to refer the patient for specialized counseling among other interventions. Bearing in mind the wide spread nature of psoriasis nurses come up with a way of assisting the society. The challenge that nurses face is lack of an elaborate system of reaching the society in order to educate them. The patients are advised on how to live healthy and boost their self-esteem. Nurses take this opportunity to educate parents and guardians how to handle the case and enhance the recovery of the patient. These educational programs are currently found to improve the health of the patient and to reduce stigmatization directed to the skin infections victims. Also in some cases, nurses organize members of the public into groups which have initiated some sports or even meditation. Other benefits of these sports are they help to deal with behaviors such as scratching. Furthermore other patients educational campaigns carried out by the nurse are to educate the patients and the society on the symptoms and origin of the disease thus clearing misconceptions in peoples mind. For example, some people believe that psoriasis is a sign of a curse, due to this they fail to take the medication and the advice seriously (Mitchel Panzer, 2005). It jeopardizes the process of treatment exceedingly and seriously. It may even increase stigma; people do not want to get close or in contact with a cursed person. Even when such people should be giving care, they stay away due to unreasonable fear. It becomes the responsibilities of nurses to shed more light on psoriasis. Friends, family, and people living with the affected individuals are educated to provide the necessary support for the patient. Lastly, the nurses are currently educating the patients who ignorantly fear to access the medical services due to been noticed that medical services will save them a lot from the disease. In some cases, it may disappear, in others it does not; thus, medical help is required. Additionally, it may leave an individual with extraordinarily large psychological problems that require specialized assistance. In most cases, nurses know specialists who can counsel and help the patient to fully recover. Nurses offer their advice regarding medical care and refer the patient for further counseling and peer support. In home care, the nurses are also educating the patients on how to handle stress. Medically, it is known that the careless and irresponsible behaviors that people develop during the stress cause psoriasis. Such behavior may include rubbing of hands and face. Stressed people have destructive tendencies of holding into anything and bringing things in contact with their faces. During care of a patient or other members of the community, the nurses shed more light on these issues so that people can lead a more informed life. They are also advised to protect themselves against excessive exposure to sunshine that can aggravate psoriasis especially during the summer periods. It is a method of illnesses prevention in a community, as observation of such basic rules can keep psoriasis at bay, at least for some people for some time (Walji et al, 1994). Thus in summary, the nurse has been carrying out the patients education across the medical services, stigmatizations and stress from other people, misconceptions and myths about the origin of the disease, treatment methods, society approach to psoriasis victims and lastly on how to handle psychological perception found to affect them adversely. Discharge Planning and Processing of Nursing Care Acute based care hospital discharge planning and process starts immediately upon admission in the hospitals. In most cases it is found to ensure that the nurses follow the right psoriasis disease medical guidelines and system (Fabian et al, 2011). It is defined as a multi-disciplinary nursing approach by the nurses and other medical practitioners to the patients signs, treatment process and discharging means. It involves several planning process, as described below. Immediately after admission of the patient, the first step in the nursing care designing planning and process is to examine the skin in general circumstances. The nurse should contact this within three hours. At the same time the patient is prepared for discharging through contacting the Medicare organizations such as insurance. At the same time the nurse should interview the patients about the problems linked to the disease, when did it start, what are some of the medications the patient accessed before and lastly, whether they have any hereditary problem of the disease across their family lineage. The next planning process is the nurse to describe the information given in line to the prevailing psoriasis diagnosis where the patient is taken for laboratory medical examination. At this process, the patients are instructed not to scratch themselves even if they are itching and home cares prepared for discharging process .This help to reduce more infections and complications. Moreover, in this stage, the patients are instructed to isolate themselves from other people in the society, utilize their own clothing and even take bath using bath oils. Moreover, the patient should avoid any skin injury that is going to complicate the medical process (Walji .Kingston, 1994) Third step in the discharge of nursing care planning method include keeping the skin moist. The nurses are trained to apply epidemiological prescription to ensure the patient skin is moist and thus not to itch. This involves reducing the scales by applying the necessary medical bath oils and staying in a cool place free from any dust and high temperature. The patients are also provided with some injections and clothing necessary to reduce itching, smell and pain. In the next stage, the patients are nursed in a manner as to keep the wounds clean and to apply the necessary antibiotics carefully and skillfully. This ensures that the patients do not have pain and itching is reduced. The nurses take this opportunity to educate the family members on how to prescribe the medical drugs to the psoriasis patients and thus improved services. At this moment, the nurses must monitor the risk of infections, outcomes of the disease and lastly the implication of the bath oil to the skin (Papadopoulo s Walker, 2003). Lastly, some of the patients found to be stressed, stigmatized and psychologically affected are provided with advices or even referred to psychologists for guidance and counseling. The nurses have a goal to improve the mind perceptions of the patients and to positively impact on their health. The nurses consider some numerous patients factors in the process of discharging the duties. They have to make necessary recommendations in line to the Medicare guideline so as to ensure that psoriasis patients enjoy the best Medicare services (Braverman, 1998). In the process, they must have insurance and Medicare eligibility so as to ensure that the psoriasis patient has in-patient services and hospitalized for at least three consecutive calendar years for observation purposes. Secondly, they must observe the cognitive status and especially their safety awareness while in the discharging process. This helps in reducing unnecessary infections to both the nurses and other patients. The clothing and bed sheets of the psoriasis infections must be handled with a lot of care (Camisa, 1994). Lastly, the nurses should observe the illness history and the future falls of the patient. Moreover, other factors that should be observed in the planning and discharge of psoriasis patients includes; age, living situation and lastly the daily nutrition and activities of the patients. Conclusion The nursing process of any psoriasis patient does not just require observation of the two aspects discussed above. Rather than that, it require all the nurses and medical practitioners to maintain people medical services to the patients, educate them and plan for the discharge process well. This will help to improve the health of this skin condition victim and reduce society misconception about the disease.

The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

In his criticism of The Scarlet Letter, Harry Levin discusses the severity of the sins that are committed by Hester Prynne, Reverend Dimmesdale, and Roger Chilingworth. Although all three main characters have sinned in the novel, the ruthlessness of their sins is easily identifiable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harry Levin takes it upon himself to 'rank'; the three sinners in The Scarlet Letter based upon their sins, and the circumstances that surround them. The least severe sinner is Hester Prynne, followed by Reverend Dimmesdale, and the most severe sinner in Levin's mind is Roger Chilingworth. For Hester, Levin states that her affair with Dimmesdale is 'pardonable'; (Levin, 10) because the lull in her relationship with Chilingworth was natural, and there was nothing that she could do about it. Her partner in sin, Reverend Dimmesdale, is stated to be 'an unwilling hypocrite, who purges himself by means of open confession.'; (Levin, 11) He also has seemingly been forced into his role, but cannot publicly repent like Hester does by wearing a scarlet letter, or wearing a black veil. Levin continues by saying that 'by Hawthorne's standard'; the Reverend has been more sinful than she has. (Levin, 11) Although it is not discussed in the criticism, the point that Levin makes can be proven in the story when Mr. Dimmesdale is returning from the meeting with Hester in the woods. Dimmesdale is described as being so full of energy, that he decides that he wants to commit 4 sins. Although they are not very severe, the basic premise is that maybe he really is more evil than he appears. Finally, the crudest sinner in The Scarlet Letter is Roger Chilingworth. Levin describes him in his criticism as follows: 'Chilingworth, who's assumed name betrays his frigid nature, plays the role of the secret sharer, prying into his wife's illicit affair, spying upon her lover unawares, and pulling the strings of the psychological romance.'; (Levin, 11) Basically, this means that no matter how the reader perceives it, Chilingworth is definitely the most evil character in the story. Levin is also quick to say that although Dimmesdale and Hester can atone for their sins, Chilingworth cannot. Harry Levin is correct in his criticisms of the sinners in the novel The Scarlet Letter. Hester Prynne is easily the least brutal sinner of all. In the novel, when Hester meets with Chilingworth in the jail, the reader sees that she did not commit her sin without reason.

The Importance of Pearl in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay

The Significance of Pearl One of the most complex characters in The Scarlet Letter is Pearl, the illegitimate daughter of Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale. Throughout the story, she develops into a dynamic individual, as well as an extremely important symbol. Pearl is shunned from society because of her mother's sin. She is a living representation of the scarlet letter, acting as a constant reminder of Hester's sin. Hawthorne uses vivid descriptions to characterize Pearl. She is first described as the infant, "...whose innocent life had sprung, by the inscrutable decree of Providence, a lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion." (Hawthorne 81). From the beginning of her life she is viewed as the product of a sin, as a punishment. Physically, she has a "beauty that became every day more brilliant, and the intelligence that threw its quivering sunshine over the tiny features of this child." (Hawthorne 81,82). Pearl is ravishing, with "beauty that shone with deep and vivid tints' a bright complexion, eyes possessing intensity both of depth and glow, and hair already of a deep, glossy brown, and which, in after years, would be nearly akin to black." Combining with her extreme beauty, are the lavish dresses that she wears. The exquisite dresses and her beauty cause her to be viewed as even stranger from the other typical Puritan children, whom are dressed in traditio nal clothing. As a result, she is accepted by nature and animals, and ostracized by the other Puritan children. "Pearl was a born outcast of the infantile world... the whole peculiarity, in short, of her position in respect to other children." (Hawthorne 86). The children did not accept Pearl, her unavoidable seclusion was due to the ... ... mother, whom is not wearing the scarlet A and whose hair is down, she refuses to acknowledge her without her A and capped hair. This shows Pearl's dissent for beauty as a solution to sin, which is expressed in the first few chapters when Hester is lightly punished for her adultery. Because of Pearl's banishment from Puritan society she was thrown to another way of life and her wildness and peculiarity is a direct product of her banishment. Her character acts as a mysterious and interesting symbol in The Scarlet Letter. Pearl is an important character, as she is a constant reminder to Hester, as well as to the reader, of the sin of Hester. She contributes largely to the themes of the novel through her unusual history. The one character that seems to play the most uninvolved role in the novel is one of the most forceful symbols and individual throughout. The Importance of Pearl in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter Essay The Significance of Pearl One of the most complex characters in The Scarlet Letter is Pearl, the illegitimate daughter of Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale. Throughout the story, she develops into a dynamic individual, as well as an extremely important symbol. Pearl is shunned from society because of her mother's sin. She is a living representation of the scarlet letter, acting as a constant reminder of Hester's sin. Hawthorne uses vivid descriptions to characterize Pearl. She is first described as the infant, "...whose innocent life had sprung, by the inscrutable decree of Providence, a lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion." (Hawthorne 81). From the beginning of her life she is viewed as the product of a sin, as a punishment. Physically, she has a "beauty that became every day more brilliant, and the intelligence that threw its quivering sunshine over the tiny features of this child." (Hawthorne 81,82). Pearl is ravishing, with "beauty that shone with deep and vivid tints' a bright complexion, eyes possessing intensity both of depth and glow, and hair already of a deep, glossy brown, and which, in after years, would be nearly akin to black." Combining with her extreme beauty, are the lavish dresses that she wears. The exquisite dresses and her beauty cause her to be viewed as even stranger from the other typical Puritan children, whom are dressed in traditio nal clothing. As a result, she is accepted by nature and animals, and ostracized by the other Puritan children. "Pearl was a born outcast of the infantile world... the whole peculiarity, in short, of her position in respect to other children." (Hawthorne 86). The children did not accept Pearl, her unavoidable seclusion was due to the ... ... mother, whom is not wearing the scarlet A and whose hair is down, she refuses to acknowledge her without her A and capped hair. This shows Pearl's dissent for beauty as a solution to sin, which is expressed in the first few chapters when Hester is lightly punished for her adultery. Because of Pearl's banishment from Puritan society she was thrown to another way of life and her wildness and peculiarity is a direct product of her banishment. Her character acts as a mysterious and interesting symbol in The Scarlet Letter. Pearl is an important character, as she is a constant reminder to Hester, as well as to the reader, of the sin of Hester. She contributes largely to the themes of the novel through her unusual history. The one character that seems to play the most uninvolved role in the novel is one of the most forceful symbols and individual throughout.

Reconstruction Dbq

The Civil War was one of the most difficult and trying times during American history. The war ended with the the Union and Confederate states torn apart over one major issue: slavery. With the end of the Civil War came the end of slavery in the United States. Although the former black slaves were now free, they had no land and very few rights, and most did not even have family. Though out reconstruction, blacks were able to gain rights, but were continuously repressed by the white Southerners. The only way to truly enfranchise the former slaves was by effectively disenfranchising their former masters.The reign the masters had over their former slaves disabled the slaves from trying to fulfill their lives as equal American citizens. In most cases, the blacks of American were granted certain freedoms and then were taken away or oppressed by the whites. The former plantation and slave owners were not receptive to treating the blacks as their fellow counterparts. As Reconstruction began to start in the United States, the question of how the Southern states would be welcomed back into the Union begged at the issue. Reconstruction started to become a struggle between the executive and legislative branches.Radical Republicans, such as Thaddeus Stevens, wanted to approach Reconstruction from a military prospective because they were seeking revenge and felt the South needed to be taught a lesson because of the havoc and damage that they imposed on the Union (Document A). On the other hand, Andrew Johnson wanted to take a more moderate approach to reconstruction in order to quickly reincorporate the Southern states into the Union. To be allowed back into the Union, as per Andrew Johnson’s plan of reconstruction, the Southern states had to, among many other terms, agree to the 13th Constitutional Amendment that recognized the freedom of blacks.Many blacks felt that they knew their previous masters best and argued that although the states would agree to the recognit ion of 13th amendment, it was only â€Å"lip deep† (Document C). They also argued that the only way to really make the Southerners see the blacks as their equals was with the assistance of the federal government to put military reconstruction into place (Document C). The first Reconstruction act was passed in March 2nd, 1867 and divided the South into five military districts, each under a major general (Document I).In each of these districts, freed males slaves were granted suffrage. This act also offered readmission to the Union if the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, which would grant citizenship and civil liberties to all people born or naturalized in the United States. The Fourteenth Amendment was another step toward black equality and secured the rights of the former slaves (Document H). Although blacks were now allowed to vote, whites in the South would use severe intimidation tactics in order to oppress the newly acquired rights of the blacks.Voting is one of the most basic rights of an American citizen, so it would seem that the right to vote for all would equate peace and happiness between the whites and blacks (Document F). The idea of a master seeing his former slave at the same voting polls was an belligerent concept. During this time period, it seemed that the only way for the blacks to have their rights without being oppressed was to disenfranchise the whites. Even though the blacks were released from slavery, the whites still used tactics to keep the blacks in order beneath them.The Black Codes were created to make a cheap labor source for the South. Blacks would be arrested for vagrancy and judged by a jury that consisted of white men; blacks still could not serve on a jury at this time, still displaying that blacks did not receive full rights of white citizens. Thus, blacks would always be convicted by the jury of whites who wanted to ensure a labor force. Once convicted, the blacks were put on farms to work. Blacks would also have to pay a penalty if they were jumping contracts and moving from plantation to plantation; they could not leave the plantation.The whites were basically creating a â€Å"legal† system of slavery, which undermined the blacks newly acquired rights as a free citizen. Andrew Johnson would soon prove to be the oppressor in the fight for black equality during the time of reconstruction in the United States. First, the distribution of land was being brought about by a reconstruction-made institution, known as the Freedmen’s Bureau. The Freedmen’s Bureau provided food, clothing, education, and land to the blacks. By June 1865, the Bureau had settled nearly 10,000 black families on their own land, which was abandoned plantations.Just as the blacks were coming into and accepting their new freedom, the Southern white plantation owners were returning and demanding the return of their land. Andrew Johnson would support their demands and the government would eventually re turn all of the land. Just by this instance, it was proved that the whites in the South had tremendous control over the blacks and the government seemed to be supporting them. The North actually feared the potential power of the South in the most recent events of oppression (Document G). Andrew Johnson was also presented with the newly created Reconstruction Amendments, all of which he vetoed.Although he was overridden by Congress, this shows how the â€Å"white men† has once again oppressed the blacks. Also, Andrew Johnson would soon pull the institution of the Freedmen’s Bureau. This was once again preventing the blacks from bettering themselves as individuals and accepting their new rights and freedoms as citizens of the United States. Tensions ran extremely high between the whites and blacks that it started to become deadly. Hate groups were beginning to form in order to undermine the blacks where they were the majority. The most prevalent hate group was the Ku Klu x Klan.These groups policed themselves in groups around voting polls in order to keep the blacks from exercising their rights given to them in the Fifteenth Amendment. The treatment these hate groups, including the Knights of the White Camellia, oppressed the blacks from exercising the most basic of their civil rights and began to return them to their previous way of life. The hatred and means to put the blacks down was beginning to become incredible because the whites did not want to see blacks become their equals and wanted no help or interaction with their former chattel (Document B).Segregation in the South was becoming more relevant during the time of Reconstruction. At first, there were public areas, such as schools, that accepted both black and white children. Even with such established integrated public places, white Southerners still refused to send their children to school with black children. The court case Plessy v. Ferguson made the term â€Å"separate but equal† sanctified in Supreme Court. This means that black and white accommodations had to be equal, but permitted to be separated.This case also established the Jim Crow Laws, which made the segregation of the races possible. In all reality, although Plessy v. Ferguson determined that black and white accommodations were separate but equal, the accommodations of the whites were of higher standards than those of the former slaves. The segregated and racist mindset of the whites in the South made it hard for the former slaves to make any progress because every step the African Americans took toward securing their civil liberties, the whites were there to take a stand against them by any means.Fredrick Douglass believe that all people in the South could live together in peace if the South merely cooperated (Document D). The Election of 1876 would be the death of Radical Reconstruction. After a discrepancy with the votes in the election, a compromise was made that would make Republican Rutherf ord B. Hayes the presidential winner. The victory of the Republican party would then mean that the Union army must pull out of the five Southern regions. Thus, the Freedmen are now turned away from by the Radical Republicans and are left for the Southerners to handle.The Southern whites will continue to oppress the former slaves and will try to take away every right they have come to gain. The only way for the Freemen to become rich with their civil rights and able to express them would be to take the opportunities away from the whites to oppress them. If the oppression of the blacks by the whites is continuously ignored, then it will be impossible for the blacks to even become completely equal with the whites among them. Reconstruction Dbq The Civil War was one of the most difficult and trying times during American history. The war ended with the the Union and Confederate states torn apart over one major issue: slavery. With the end of the Civil War came the end of slavery in the United States. Although the former black slaves were now free, they had no land and very few rights, and most did not even have family. Though out reconstruction, blacks were able to gain rights, but were continuously repressed by the white Southerners. The only way to truly enfranchise the former slaves was by effectively disenfranchising their former masters.The reign the masters had over their former slaves disabled the slaves from trying to fulfill their lives as equal American citizens. In most cases, the blacks of American were granted certain freedoms and then were taken away or oppressed by the whites. The former plantation and slave owners were not receptive to treating the blacks as their fellow counterparts. As Reconstruction began to start in the United States, the question of how the Southern states would be welcomed back into the Union begged at the issue. Reconstruction started to become a struggle between the executive and legislative branches.Radical Republicans, such as Thaddeus Stevens, wanted to approach Reconstruction from a military prospective because they were seeking revenge and felt the South needed to be taught a lesson because of the havoc and damage that they imposed on the Union (Document A). On the other hand, Andrew Johnson wanted to take a more moderate approach to reconstruction in order to quickly reincorporate the Southern states into the Union. To be allowed back into the Union, as per Andrew Johnson’s plan of reconstruction, the Southern states had to, among many other terms, agree to the 13th Constitutional Amendment that recognized the freedom of blacks.Many blacks felt that they knew their previous masters best and argued that although the states would agree to the recognit ion of 13th amendment, it was only â€Å"lip deep† (Document C). They also argued that the only way to really make the Southerners see the blacks as their equals was with the assistance of the federal government to put military reconstruction into place (Document C). The first Reconstruction act was passed in March 2nd, 1867 and divided the South into five military districts, each under a major general (Document I).In each of these districts, freed males slaves were granted suffrage. This act also offered readmission to the Union if the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, which would grant citizenship and civil liberties to all people born or naturalized in the United States. The Fourteenth Amendment was another step toward black equality and secured the rights of the former slaves (Document H). Although blacks were now allowed to vote, whites in the South would use severe intimidation tactics in order to oppress the newly acquired rights of the blacks.Voting is one of the most basic rights of an American citizen, so it would seem that the right to vote for all would equate peace and happiness between the whites and blacks (Document F). The idea of a master seeing his former slave at the same voting polls was an belligerent concept. During this time period, it seemed that the only way for the blacks to have their rights without being oppressed was to disenfranchise the whites. Even though the blacks were released from slavery, the whites still used tactics to keep the blacks in order beneath them.The Black Codes were created to make a cheap labor source for the South. Blacks would be arrested for vagrancy and judged by a jury that consisted of white men; blacks still could not serve on a jury at this time, still displaying that blacks did not receive full rights of white citizens. Thus, blacks would always be convicted by the jury of whites who wanted to ensure a labor force. Once convicted, the blacks were put on farms to work. Blacks would also have to pay a penalty if they were jumping contracts and moving from plantation to plantation; they could not leave the plantation.The whites were basically creating a â€Å"legal† system of slavery, which undermined the blacks newly acquired rights as a free citizen. Andrew Johnson would soon prove to be the oppressor in the fight for black equality during the time of reconstruction in the United States. First, the distribution of land was being brought about by a reconstruction-made institution, known as the Freedmen’s Bureau. The Freedmen’s Bureau provided food, clothing, education, and land to the blacks. By June 1865, the Bureau had settled nearly 10,000 black families on their own land, which was abandoned plantations.Just as the blacks were coming into and accepting their new freedom, the Southern white plantation owners were returning and demanding the return of their land. Andrew Johnson would support their demands and the government would eventually re turn all of the land. Just by this instance, it was proved that the whites in the South had tremendous control over the blacks and the government seemed to be supporting them. The North actually feared the potential power of the South in the most recent events of oppression (Document G). Andrew Johnson was also presented with the newly created Reconstruction Amendments, all of which he vetoed.Although he was overridden by Congress, this shows how the â€Å"white men† has once again oppressed the blacks. Also, Andrew Johnson would soon pull the institution of the Freedmen’s Bureau. This was once again preventing the blacks from bettering themselves as individuals and accepting their new rights and freedoms as citizens of the United States. Tensions ran extremely high between the whites and blacks that it started to become deadly. Hate groups were beginning to form in order to undermine the blacks where they were the majority. The most prevalent hate group was the Ku Klu x Klan.These groups policed themselves in groups around voting polls in order to keep the blacks from exercising their rights given to them in the Fifteenth Amendment. The treatment these hate groups, including the Knights of the White Camellia, oppressed the blacks from exercising the most basic of their civil rights and began to return them to their previous way of life. The hatred and means to put the blacks down was beginning to become incredible because the whites did not want to see blacks become their equals and wanted no help or interaction with their former chattel (Document B).Segregation in the South was becoming more relevant during the time of Reconstruction. At first, there were public areas, such as schools, that accepted both black and white children. Even with such established integrated public places, white Southerners still refused to send their children to school with black children. The court case Plessy v. Ferguson made the term â€Å"separate but equal† sanctified in Supreme Court. This means that black and white accommodations had to be equal, but permitted to be separated.This case also established the Jim Crow Laws, which made the segregation of the races possible. In all reality, although Plessy v. Ferguson determined that black and white accommodations were separate but equal, the accommodations of the whites were of higher standards than those of the former slaves. The segregated and racist mindset of the whites in the South made it hard for the former slaves to make any progress because every step the African Americans took toward securing their civil liberties, the whites were there to take a stand against them by any means.Fredrick Douglass believe that all people in the South could live together in peace if the South merely cooperated (Document D). The Election of 1876 would be the death of Radical Reconstruction. After a discrepancy with the votes in the election, a compromise was made that would make Republican Rutherf ord B. Hayes the presidential winner. The victory of the Republican party would then mean that the Union army must pull out of the five Southern regions. Thus, the Freedmen are now turned away from by the Radical Republicans and are left for the Southerners to handle.The Southern whites will continue to oppress the former slaves and will try to take away every right they have come to gain. The only way for the Freemen to become rich with their civil rights and able to express them would be to take the opportunities away from the whites to oppress them. If the oppression of the blacks by the whites is continuously ignored, then it will be impossible for the blacks to even become completely equal with the whites among them.

How effective is the Prologue Essay

In my opinion, the prologue is a striking and extremely effective introduction to one of the greatest tragedies ever written. One of the most unusual things about the Prologue is its structure; the fact that it is written in the sonnet form is very significant. The sonnet form of poetry is perhaps the most demanding and challenging poetic form that exists. For hundreds of years the sonnet (of which Shakespeare wrote 154) has been recognised as a structure that is only attempted by the greatest of poets such as Shakespeare or Wordsworth. It is often associated with love poetry and the fact that Shakespeare chooses the sonnet format to open Romeo and Juliet suggests his motive to prepare the audience with the love story to come. The sonnet is made up from 3 quatrains each consisting of 4 lines, with the rhyme scheme a,b,a,b, each quatrain telling us something different about the forthcoming play. The sonnet is finished by a rhyming couplet- a pair of lines that have the rhyming scheme c,c. Some might question why Shakespeare chose such a difficult poetic structure to open the play however it is clear to me that he chose the sonnet to grab the audience’s attention but also to demonstrate his showcase of literary talent. The sonnet reveals to the audience the degree of Shakespeare’s poetic genius to create a language – which in all its diversity can capture the most beautiful love story of all time. The first quatrain explains the background and setting to the play, explaining that the play is set in Verona, Italy. Shakespeare chose Italy as the setting for a number of his plays; although it is thought that he never actually travelled to the country, it was regarded in Elizabethan times to be a country of wealth and romance. It is entirely fitting that an immortal tragedy should take as its backdrop ‘fair Verona’ (line 2 Prologue) in one of the homes of classical civilisation. In Elizabethan times Italy was thought of as a country full of sexual and social intrigue; where often men fell in love with wealthy heiresses. The Nurse’s observation to Romeo, ‘he that can lay hold of here / Shall have the chinks’ (Act1 Scene 2 lines 116-117) suggests a common motive for love at that time. In the first line of the prologue, we are told that the house of Montague and Capulet are ‘both alike in dignity’, meaning that they both have equal yet important stature within Verona. It is significant that Shakespeare chose to base the plot of the play around two affluent families, proving that the greatest of tragedies can still occur within aristocratic families with the greatest wealth. We are not only told that there is nothing to choose between the families but also that there is only one heir of each household, creating a balance within the play but also an idea of opposites. In line three of the Prologue, Shakespeare explains to the audience that there is an ‘ancient grudge’ between the houses. We are told that this feud has been apparent for so many years that it is now self-perpetuating and of the cause no-one is really sure. In Act 1 Scene 1 line 80, the Prince exclaims that the feud has been ‘bred of an airy word’, meaning that the everlasting hostility between the two houses has no remembered cause. However Shakespeare catches the audience’s attention and creates suspense by using the phrase, ‘break to new mutiny’. We are warned of a new more violent generation of Montagues and Capulets who are willing to kill and take the quarrel to a different more violent level. This ‘new mutiny’ is definitely exacerbated by Tybalt – an aggressive, vindictive youth of the Capulet house who says (Act 1 Scene 1 line 61), ‘†¦peace? I hate the word, As I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee. ‘ Tybalt is described as ‘fier’ and a ‘Prince of Cats’, all implying his volatile and fearsome temper. He represents the ugliness that lies below the divided society in Verona but also is determined to keep it that way. In the forth line of the Prologue, the audience are informed about the civil side of the brawl, ‘Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean’. This phrase is important for it demonstrates the vast scale of the grudge – even the citizens of Verona are now becoming involved. In Act 1 Scene 1, the Prince calls the Montagues and Capulets, ‘Profaners of this neighbour-stained steel’ as their swords are stained with the blood of their innocent neighbours who have no reason to become involved in the conflict. However it is clear that the two houses will not end the feud until the Lords of the households condemn the fighting (which they clearly do not do). In Act 1 Scene1 there is a public scuffle and Capulet exclaims, ‘Give me my long sword’ and likewise Montague shouts, ‘thou villain Capulet!†¦let me go. ‘ The elder generation of Montagues and Capulets constantly fuel the feud and encourage it by setting a poor example. In the second quatrain, Shakespeare tells the audience about the lovers. We are told that they are from â€Å"fatal loins†- signifying death and already indicating their tragic fate. The idea of fate is one which Shakespeare experiments on throughout the whole play. Within the Prologue, we are given an interesting glimpse of the experiment Shakespeare conducts with destiny and fate. The audience are told that the lovers are â€Å"star-crossed† which not only indicates their catastrophic fate but speaks of the fact that the lovers were destined to acquire it. The next part of the Prologue is often puzzling for Shakespeare tells the audience that the lovers are going to die – some might say he is ‘letting the cat out of the bag’. However the knowledge that the lovers ‘misadventured piteous overthrows doth with their death bury their parents strife’ adds pathos to our view of events and the audience is allowed an overview of the lover’s actions. We see Romeo and Juliet struggling to attain happiness and know that they are always doomed to fail. In the play, we are presented with Romeo in a way that makes us believe that he is always a victim of fate. Friar Lawrence, whose role in the play is to try to unite the feuding families by strategically marrying Romeo and Juliet (thereby bringing peace to the streets of Verona) tells Romeo that he is, â€Å"wedded to calamity†. This again emphasises the strong prominence of fortune in the play, which Shakespeare cleverly gives us a taster of in the Prologue by calling the lovers â€Å"star-crossed† and their parents’ loins â€Å"fatal†. In Act 3 Scene 1, Romeo proclaims that he is ‘fortune’s fool’ and also puts himself in the hands of fate in Act 1 Scene5 by saying, â€Å"He that hath the steerage of my course, direct my sail! † Again Shakespeare presents to the audience the idea of fate and that it is almost leading Romeo in the wrong way. However later in the play we see a defiant Romeo who has learn of Juliet’s death and attempts to defy his destiny by exclaiming (Act 5 Scene1), â€Å"I defy you stars†. Nevertheless we are told that a consequence of the deaths of the two lovers will be that they will â€Å"bury their parents’ strife†. This means that by the end of the play the feud between the families will have been resolved. We definitely see this new family alliance at the end of the play for Lord Montague and Lord Capulet shake hands and Lord Capulet expresses his sorrow saying, â€Å"O brother Montague, give me your hand†. The shaking of hands signals the end of the feud, securing what the Friar had always sought to achieve, ‘To turn (their) households’ rancour to pure love’ (Act 2 Scene3). Fate itself is seen to be the result of divine workings: as the play nears its conclusion, Friar Lawrence reports that he has begged Juliet to leave the vault and ‘bear this work of heaven with patience’ (Act 5 Scene3) , whilst the Price echoes the sentiment in his final rebuke to the families that ‘heaven finds means to kill your joys with love’ (Act 5 Scene3). In Act 5 Scene 3, the Friar says that â€Å"A greater power than we can contradict hath thwarted our intents† – meaning that God had already decided that the cruel fate of the lovers. Yet again, there is a strong emphasis of fate and destiny but also of religion. It is not surprising that Shakespeare was so fascinated with the idea of fate – for he lived in a time of little scientific discovery in which religion ‘filled in’ any gaps of knowledge. In a wider sense, the play may be viewed as a dramatic representation of the perpetual conflict between love and hatred which enmeshes a pair of unfortunate lovers. However, also evident at the end of the play is the Christian concept of dying for ones sins – Romeo and Juliet are sacrificed to end the constantly intensifying feud between the two families. We are next presented with the third quatrain, in which Shakespeare overviews the plot of the play to come. The chorus explains to the audience that they will see how the lovers meet, love and die in the play, â€Å"The fearful passage of their death-marked love†¦ † He again speaks of the evitable sacrifice of the lovers’ lives in order to end their parents’ strife, â€Å"and the continuance of their parents’ rage, which but their children’s end nought could remove†. In this quatrain we also see the practical side of Shakespeare who tells the audience that the play is two hours long, â€Å"is now the two hours’ traffic of our stage†. The completion of the sonnet form is in the presence of the final rhyming couplet; which in this case tells the audience to listen to the forthcoming play if they missed any of the Prologue. It is a simple yet self-explanatory rhyming couplet, which speaks of the actors jobs as to â€Å"strive to mend† what the audience has missed – thus telling one of the most beautiful love stories of all time, Romeo and Juliet.